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Descriptive Statements:
- Demonstrate understanding of the writing process (e.g., prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, publishing).
- Demonstrate understanding of effective writing for a given purpose, audience, and occasion.
- Recognize the likely effects, on an audience, of a writer's choice of words or phrases.
- Recognize and evaluate thesis statements, topic sentences, supporting details, the writer's point of view, and shifts in point of view (e.g., from first to third person).
- Analyze details and information that enhance or detract from the development of the main idea of a paragraph or passage.
- Analyze and select appropriate transitional words or phrases to convey text structure and the sequence of a writer's ideas.
Sample Item:
Read the passage below; then answer the questions that follow.
1The Mediterranean diet has long been considered one of the best diets available as assessed by both the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the World Health Organization (WHO). 2Interest in this way of eating first arose in the 1960s when a growing number of researchers realized that people who lived in Mediterranean and some North African countries, such as Lebanon, Greece, and Morocco, had lower incidences of cancer and cardiovascular disease. 3One of the most important factors in their health was their diet.
4The Mediterranean diet emphasize eating meals rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes. 5Fish and seafood should also be eaten weekly, especially herring, sardines, tuna, and salmon, as they are high in beneficial omega-3 fatty acids. 6Moderate amounts of dairy are allowed, while refined grains and red and processed meats are discouraged. 7The main source of fat in this diet comes primarily from olive oil. 8In addition to these guidelines, they in support of this diet recommend that people eat in the company of their family and friends and spend at least two and a half hours a week engaged in moderate physical activity.
Which part is least relevant to the main idea of the second paragraph?
- Part 4
- Part 5
- Part 7
- Part 8
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
D. Parts 4– to 7 of Paragraph 2 focus on the ingredients and types of meals that are typically included in a Mediterranean diet. Part 8 discusses how people following a Mediterranean diet should eat with family and engage in moderate exercise, which is the least relevant information to the rest of Paragraph 2.
Descriptive Statements:
- Identify errors in subject-verb agreement.
- Identify sentence fragments and run-on sentences.
- Replace imprecise and inappropriate words and phrases to improve coherence.
- Recognize wordiness, redundant expression of ideas, and ineffective repetition of words or phrases.
Sample Item:
Read the passage below; then answer the questions that follow.
1The Mediterranean diet has long been considered one of the best diets available as assessed by both the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the World Health Organization (WHO). 2Interest in this way of eating first arose in the 1960s when a growing number of researchers realized that people who lived in Mediterranean and some North African countries, such as Lebanon, Greece, and Morocco, had lower incidences of cancer and cardiovascular disease. 3One of the most important factors in their health was their diet.
4The Mediterranean diet emphasize eating meals rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes. 5Fish and seafood should also be eaten weekly, especially herring, sardines, tuna, and salmon, as they are high in beneficial omega-3 fatty acids. 6Moderate amounts of dairy are allowed, while refined grains and red and processed meats are discouraged. 7The main source of fat in this diet comes primarily from olive oil. 8In addition to these guidelines, they in support of this diet recommend that people eat in the company of their family and friends and spend at least two and a half hours a week engaged in moderate physical activity.
Which part contains an error in subject-verb agreement?
- Part 4
- Part 6
- Part 7
- Part 8
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
A. Part 4 of Paragraph 2 states, "4The Mediterranean diet emphasize eating meals rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes." The usage of the verb "emphasize" is incorrect and should be "emphasizes" to properly agree with the subject of "The Mediterranean diet."
Descriptive Statements:
- Recognize and edit errors in the standard use of verb forms.
- Analyze and edit errors in the standard use of pronouns.
- Identify and edit errors in the standard formation and use of adverbs and adjectives.
- Analyze and edit errors in the standard use of comparatives, superlatives, and possessives.
- Identify and edit errors in standard punctuation.
- Evaluate and edit errors in standard spelling and capitalization.
Sample Item:
Read the passage below; then answer the questions that follow.
1The Mediterranean diet has long been considered one of the best diets available as assessed by both the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the World Health Organization (WHO). 2Interest in this way of eating first arose in the 1960s when a growing number of researchers realized that people who lived in Mediterranean and some North African countries, such as Lebanon, Greece, and Morocco, had lower incidences of cancer and cardiovascular disease. 3One of the most important factors in their health was their diet.
4The Mediterranean diet emphasize eating meals rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes. 5Fish and seafood should also be eaten weekly, especially herring, sardines, tuna, and salmon, as they are high in beneficial omega-3 fatty acids. 6Moderate amounts of dairy are allowed, while refined grains and red and processed meats are discouraged. 7The main source of fat in this diet comes primarily from olive oil. 8In addition to these guidelines, they in support of this diet recommend that people eat in the company of their family and friends and spend at least two and a half hours a week engaged in moderate physical activity.
Which change is needed to correct an error in pronoun usage?
- Part 5: Change "they" to "them."
- Part 7: Change "this" to "that."
- Part 8: Change "they" to "those."
- Part 8: Change "their" to "our."
Correct Response and Explanation (Show Correct ResponseHide Correct Response)
C. Part 8 of Paragraph 2 states, "8In addition to these guidelines, they in support of this diet recommend that people eat in the company of their family and friends and spend at least two and a half hours a week engaged in moderate physical activity." The usage of the pronoun "they" is incorrect and should be "those."
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